Case studies using our gender checking

See how researchers, journalists and developers are using our tools to uncover patterns in data.

54 of 54 studies

Keito Inoshita · 2026

Nationality and region prediction from names: a comparative study of neural models and LLMs

Compares neural models and LLMs for nationality prediction from names — operating in Nationalize.io's domain and benchmarking against it.

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Lejla Džanko, Aleksandra Cisłak, and Magdalena Formanowicz · 2026

WEIRD psychological science - geographical patterns of knowledge production

Coded 1,273,571 authors across every Scopus-listed psychology journal from 2020 to 2023. Authorship was near gender-balanced, but 72% of authors came from WEIRD countries, and that share rose with journal impact.

(Chinese name dataset authors) · 2025

An open dataset of Chinese name-to-gender associations for gender prediction in broad scientific research

Addresses Genderize.io's 43–94% error rate for Chinese Pinyin names by providing a supplementary open dataset for researchers.

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(multiple authors) · 2025

Biomedical and life science articles by female researchers spend longer under review

Used gender inference tools including Genderize.io to quantify that papers by female researchers face longer peer review times in biomedical and life sciences.

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(multiple authors) · 2025

Gender differences in research topic and method convergence among collaborating scholars

Used Genderize.io to study how gender shapes collaboration patterns, topic convergence, and method choices in library and information science.

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(multiple authors) · 2025

The gender gap in scholarly self-promotion on social media

Examined 23 million tweets about 2.8 million papers by 3.5 million scientists. Women were ~28% less likely to self-promote their work on Twitter/X.

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Gonzalez-Alvarez et al. · 2025

Improving fair name-based prediction of gender in scientific communities

Found only 0.57% of Genderize.io's name data comes from China. Proposes fairness improvements for gender prediction across underrepresented populations.

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(paediatric radiology team) · 2024

Pre- and post-COVID-19 gender trends in paediatric radiology articles worldwide

Used Genderize.io to measure the impact of COVID-19 on gender representation in paediatric radiology publishing worldwide.

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(Spanish researchers) · 2024

Gender assignment in doctoral theses: revisiting Teseo

Compared Genderize.io with SVM classifiers and Cultural Consensus Theory-based classifiers for assigning gender in Spanish doctoral thesis records.

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(Annals of Surgery editorial team) · 2024

Gender and authorship in Annals of Surgery: a 19-year review including the pandemic

Analyzed all submissions to Annals of Surgery (2005–2023). Men submitted more papers overall, but the gap narrowed after 2020.

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(CS education researchers) · 2024

Assessing gender bias in the software used in CS and SE education

Used Genderize.io to investigate gender bias embedded in software tools commonly used in computer science and software engineering education.

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Genome Biology and Evolution editors · 2024

Gender and citation bias in Genome Biology and Evolution

Found female first authors were cited 11% less often than male first authors in the two years after publication in GBE.

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(multiple authors) · 2024

Gender differences in Google Scholar representation and impact

Analyzed gender disparities in scholarly representation and citation impact across communication fields using Genderize.io.

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Carolina Biliotti, Massimo Riccaboni, and Luca Verginer · 2024

Breaking new ground, reinforcing old gaps: gender disparities in access to emerging research frontiers

Used Genderize.io to show that COVID-19 exacerbated existing gender bias in access to emerging biomedical research frontiers.

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Natalie R. Davidson and Casey S. Greene · 2024

Analysis of science journalism reveals gender and regional disparities in coverage

Analyzed 22,001 non-research articles in Nature. Found systematic underrepresentation of East Asian names in science journalism quotes.

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(surgical research team) · 2024

Gender disparity in surgical research: an analysis of authorship in randomized controlled trials

Women held 26.4% of first and 18.7% of last authorships. Male last authors increased the likelihood of a male first author (OR 2.68).

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(genetics research team) · 2024

Trends in women's representation among PIs of US clinical trials in genetics

Women PIs in genetics clinical trials rose from 27.0% (2005) to 39.6% (2023) — faster progress than most medical specialties.

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Miguel Landa-Blanco and Christian R. Mejia · 2023

A bibliometric analysis of the gender gap in the authorship of leading medical journals

Analyzed 10,558 articles across NEJM, JAMA, BMJ, Lancet, and Nature Medicine (2010–2019). Women were 34.5% of first authors and 24.8% of last authors.

Flaminio Squazzoni et al. · 2023

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on gendered research productivity and its correlates

Studied 15.3 million publications by 11.8 million authors. Female researchers' productivity dropped in 2020, with mid-career women most affected.

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Gaetani et al. · 2023

Female dynamics in authorship of scientific publications in PLoS: a 10-year bibliometric analysis

Analyzed 266,739 publications across 7 PLoS journals (2010–2020). Women were 43.3% of first authors but only 26.7% of last authors.

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Mustaj et al. · 2023

Examining gender bias in regional anesthesia academic publishing: a 50-year bibliometric analysis

Analyzed 5,650 articles in Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine (1976–2023). Men first-authored 72.9–87.7% of papers across the half-century.

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Yuen et al. · 2023

Gender differences in academic rank, leadership, and awards among NIH grant recipients in diagnostic radiology

Used Genderize.io to examine gender disparities in NIH funding, academic rank, and leadership among diagnostic radiology researchers.

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Miguel Landa-Blanco and Christian R. Mejia · 2023

A bibliometric analysis of the gender gap in the authorship of leading medical journals

Analyzed 10,558 articles in NEJM, JAMA, BMJ, Lancet, and Nature Medicine (2010–2019). Women: 34.5% first authors, 24.8% senior authors.

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(surgical research team) · 2023

The gender gap in surgical literature: are we making progress?

Reviewed 4 high-impact surgical journals (2008–2020). Women's primary authorship rose from 22.8% to 31.7% over the decade.

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(multiple authors) · 2023

The level of the gender gap in academic publishing varies by country and region of affiliation

Cross-sectional study using Genderize.io to map how the academic publishing gender gap varies by country and geographic region.

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Dossou et al. · 2023

Gendered publication patterns in Socio-Economic Review

Found ~30% female representation in Socio-Economic Review. No gender difference in acceptance rates, but a significant gap in submissions.

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Jeffrey W. Lockhart, Molly M. King, and Christin Munsch · 2023

Name-based demographic inference and the unequal distribution of misrecognition

Compared self-identified demographics with name-based imputations for 19,924 scholars. Genderize.io had 4.6% overall error but misgendered 43% of Chinese women.

Markus Konrad · 2022

APIs for social scientists: a review — Genderize.io chapter

Open textbook chapter reviewing all three Demografix APIs for researchers. Covers setup, usage, and limitations — notably critical of Agify.io's age predictions.

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(cardiothoracic research team) · 2022

Authorship trends and disparities in cardiothoracic surgery

Used Genderize.io to document gender disparities in authorship across cardiothoracic surgery journals.

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(urology research team) · 2022

Authorship in urology: a gender reveal

Female first authorship in urology rose from 12% (2000) to 20% (2019). Last authorship crept from 7% to 11% over the same period.

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J. Peter Andersen et al. · 2022

Mind the gender gap: COVID-19 lockdown effects on gender differences in preprint submissions

Analyzed 307,902 preprints from 5 archives (Jan 2017–May 2020). Gender parity worsened during lockdown, setting progress back roughly one year.

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(higher education researchers) · 2022

Gender diversity of keynote speakers at virtual academic conferences

Used Genderize.io to test whether the shift to virtual conferences during the pandemic improved gender diversity among keynote speakers.

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Fangzhou Xie · 2022

rethnicity: an R package for predicting ethnicity from names

R package for ethnicity prediction that references Nationalize.io as an alternative tool for nationality and ethnicity classification from names.

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(CS researchers) · 2022

Underrepresentation of women in computer systems research

Used Genderize.io to quantify gender gaps in computer systems research authorship, finding persistent underrepresentation of women.

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(oncology research team) · 2022

Trends in women's leadership of oncology clinical trials

Women were 27.7% of principal investigators on oncology trials, increasing at just 0.65 percentage points per year over two decades.

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Lena Hipp and Markus Konrad · 2021

Has COVID-19 increased gender inequalities? Productivity differences between male and female software developers

Analyzed 177,480 GitHub developers across 37 countries via Genderize.io to measure whether COVID-19 widened the gender productivity gap in software.

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Hanjo Boekhout, Inge van der Weijden, and Ludo Waltman · 2021

Gender differences in scientific careers: a large-scale bibliometric analysis

Traced careers of ~6 million researchers (1996–2018) using Genderize.io. Men produced 15–20% more publications over their careers.

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Pak-Gorstein et al. · 2021

Gender and nationality trends in manuscripts published in prominent gastroenterology journals

20-year analysis of gender trends in gastroenterology journal authorship using Genderize.io for name classification.

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Natalie R. Davidson and Casey S. Greene · 2021

Confronting gender bias in Nature's journalism

Nature audited 16,000+ of its own articles using Genderize.io. In 2020, 69% of quoted sources were men — down from 87% in 2005, but still far from parity.

Charles W. Fox et al. · 2021

Peer review and gender bias: a study on 145 scholarly journals

Massive study: 145 journals, ~1.7 million authors, 740K referees. Found manuscripts by women were actually treated more favorably by referees and editors.

Ruiqing Cao, Rem Koning, and Ramana Nanda · 2021

Sampling bias in entrepreneurial experiments

Used Genderize.io on Product Hunt users. Female-focused products launching with male-dominated testers saw 45% less growth than expected.

Matthieu Meijer · 2020

DemografixeR: an R package for Genderize.io, Agify.io, and Nationalize.io

Unified R wrapper for all three Demografix APIs. Widely used in academic research for gender, age, and nationality inference from names.

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Jie Huang et al. · 2020

Gender gap among highly cited researchers, 2014–2021

Used Genderize.io alongside other tools to document persistent gender gaps among elite scientists from 2014 to 2021.

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(JAMA Surgery team) · 2020

The gender gap in surgical residencies

JAMA Surgery study using Genderize.io for gender assignment in an analysis of the gender gap in US surgical residency programs.

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CoinDesk staff · 2019

Few women are contributing code to major crypto projects, report finds

CoinDesk covered a Genderize.io-powered analysis of 1M+ commits from the top 100 crypto projects. Only 4.64% were attributed to female-identified developers.

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Marc J. Lerchenmueller, Olav Sorenson, and Anupam B. Jena · 2019

Gender differences in how scientists present the importance of their research

Articles with female first and last authors used positive framing 12.3% less often. Positive presentation was associated with 9.4% higher citations.

Corin Faife · 2019

I tried to gauge what percentage of cryptocurrency developers are female

Examined over 1 million code commits across the top 100 crypto projects. Just 4.64% of commits came from female-identified developers.

Alex Holmes and Sally Hardy · 2019

Gender bias in peer review: opening up the black box

Analyzed Regional Studies journal submissions 2011–2016 using Genderize.io. Men submitted 67% of papers and had a 31% acceptance rate; women submitted 33% with a 24% acceptance rate.

Gayle Filardo et al. · 2019

Trends in proportion of women as authors of medical journal articles, 2008–2018

Examined 9 medical specialties over 10 years. Women authors increased by 4.2 percentage points overall. Used Genderize.io for gender assignment.

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Luke Holman, Devi Stuart-Fox, and Cindy E. Hauser · 2018

The gender gap in science: how long until women are equally represented?

Landmark study estimating gender of 36 million authors across 6,000+ journals in 100+ countries. Found many STEMM fields won't reach parity this century.

Kamil Wais · 2016

genderizeR: an R package for gender prediction based on first names

Peer-reviewed R package for gender prediction from text corpora, wrapping the Genderize.io API. Published in The R Journal.

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Becky Gardiner, Mahana Mansfield, Ian Anderson, Josh Holder, Daan Louter, and Monica Ulmanu · 2016

The dark side of Guardian comments

Analyzed 70 million comments left on The Guardian since 2006. Of the 10 most-abused writers, 8 were women and the 2 men were Black. Led to moderation changes.

Breanden Beneschott · 2015

Is open source open to women?

Scraped 20,000 GitHub profiles and classified them with Genderize.io. Just 6% were women — and the share dropped as engagement increased.

Christopher Ingraham · 2014

There are 39 major studio releases coming this summer. Only one is directed by a woman.

Analyzed gender of directors for the top 400 films by box office over five years. Women directed just 14% in 2013 — and only 2 of the top 100.

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